Wednesday, April 24, 2024

2024 read #50: Lego Space: 1978-1992 by Tim Johnson.

Lego Space: 1978-1992 by Tim Johnson
200 pages
Published 2023
Read from April 23 to April 24
Rating: 2.5 out of 5

Lego sets — Lego Space sets in particular — were central to my childhood. I grew up poor, but whenever my Grandma would take me on a bus ride to the mall or to the Elder-Beerman store downtown, I would usually manage to whine or wheedle or wail a small set out of her. I hardly ever got anything larger than what would be considered a poly-bag impulse purchase set today, but I nickel-and-dimed a moonbase's worth of space guys between 1987 and the last dregs of my childhood in 1995.

Along the lines of Art & Arcana — a coffee table chronicle of the artwork behind Dungeons & Dragons — Lego Space is lovely nostalgia-bait, full of gorgeous artwork from the heyday of Lego’s Space line, with self-congratulatory corporate text masquerading as history.

Hired author Tim Johnson takes the unusual step of bulking up the profile of each set with a paragraph of fan-fiction, a miniature in-universe narrative of exploration, refueling, space rescues, and so on. Perhaps a handful of these interludes would have been charming, but they get included for each and every set, all 150-ish of them. Clearly this book was never meant for a consecutive read.

Still, the pictures are awesome, and there's an interesting section on how the box art and catalog spreads were photographed, which is pretty cool (though too brief).

2024 read #49: The Wild Irish Girl by Sydney Owenson.

The Wild Irish Girl: A National Tale by Sydney Owenson, Lady Morgan
Introduction and notes by Kathryn Kirkpatrick
290 pages
Published 1806
Read from April 22 to April 24
Rating: 1 out of 5

I read this for the sole purpose of scrounging up another title for my list of 1800s reads. (Eighteen-oughts, that is — not eighteen hundreds.) That’s a form of historical interest all on its own, naturally, but it isn’t the most satisfying reason to read a book. It certainly didn’t help me stay engaged with the tedious, allusive, grandiloquent style of the era, or help me through the book’s desultory, epistolary structure (I can’t call it plot).

As a document of historical attitudes and advocacy, The Wild Irish Girl is interesting, availing itself of the unsophisticated political philosophy of its day to lay out a nationalist mythology opposed to English colonialism (hence the subtitle). Owenson responds to the 1800 dissolution of the Irish parliament by taking the broad, otherizing stereotypes the English consigned to the Irish people, and turning them into positive attributes. The usual English propaganda of uncouth, uncivilized barbarians across the Irish Sea is recast into a Rousseauean state of “wild,” “natural” grace, suffused with “primeval simplicity and primeval virtue.”

Many pages are spent enumerating fanciful mythologies meant to link the Irish to Phoenician exiles, the sort of nationalistic bridge between the Classical Mediterranean and Atlantic Europe so beloved by early Moderns, Victorian diffusionists, Thor Heyerdahl, and Twitter’s white nationalists. At one point, even the way women fold their scarves is underlined as a cultural link to Egypt. If you’re researching the history of how folklore gets spun to foment nationalism, this is a book for you.

The story itself isn’t worth a read. Horatio, our viewpoint letter-writer, is a woeful and apathetic wastrel, banished by his aristocrat father to western Ireland to rethink his ways. He’s prejudiced against the Irish people, buying into every negative English stereotype against them. Bored after just a few days, Horatio prowls around his father’s estate, where he learns the tragic history of an Inismore prince whose ancestor was killed and dispossessed by Horatio's own ancestor. Horatio, feeling the first pangs of conscience an Englishman ever felt over the depravity of conquest, decides to attend church and gawk at the prince and his family. Once there, he promptly obsesses over Lady Glorvina, the prince's daughter. He breaks his arm while stalking her, wakes up in her care, assumes a false identity to stay with her, pretends to be an art tutor to get near her, etc. Then he has the gall to get upset that she might be deceiving him. I couldn’t be done with Horatio fast enough.

Here in Turtle Island, we often forget that England’s second colonial venture was perpetrated in Éire. (Their first colonial venture, as even fewer people recall, was against their own lower classes.) It’s a depressing reminder of how vile colonialism has always been that the English literate classes needed to be informed by a half-English author that the Irish were human. The Wild Irish Girl takes that thesis and stretches a book out of it. Horatio lists out an English prejudice on one page, only to be shocked by the kindness and generosity of the Irish on the next. Again and again. For some 250 pages of modern typesetting. And such is the way of colonialist empire that this was considered too radical to publish by several presses at the time.

Monday, April 22, 2024

2024 read #48: The Moth Keeper by K. O’Neill.

The Moth Keeper by K. O’Neill
265 pages
Published 2023
Read from April 21 to April 22
Rating: 4 out of 5

This middle-grade graphic novel is indisputably lovely. O’Neill’s art style is warm, soft, and comforting, welcoming us into the cozy community and magical world of the story. O’Neill tells much of the story through their art, laying out wordless pages with confidence.

I’m not the target audience for this book, of course, so it doesn’t matter much that I found the story itself a touch thin. However slight it might seem, The Moth Keeper is genuine and moving. More stories (especially stories for younger readers) should be about the importance of community, about loneliness and interconnection, about how everything and everyone is part of everything and everyone else. That, with the beauty of the art, is enough to satisfy me.

Saturday, April 20, 2024

2024 read #47: Picnic on Paradise by Joanna Russ.

Picnic on Paradise by Joanna Russ
157 pages
Published 1968
Read from April 19 to April 20
Rating: 3.5 out of 5

Ancient Greek warrior Alyx, formerly a rogue from a Bronze Age sword & sorcery city, is a Trans-Temporal Agent assigned to escort a group of rich tourists through the mountains of a vacation planet turned war zone. Thanks to the combatants’ futuristic sensors, she can’t employ metal or strike a fire. She has to wield synthetic daggers and crossbows, and babysit spoiled future folk utterly alien to her: people bereft of curiosity and imagination, people who’ve never had to just survive before, people who only want to talk about themselves and their issues with self-esteem.

The gist of Alyx’s conflict — comfort and civilization and self-help psychology have made everyone big and dumb and soft, unsuited for the hard tasks of survival, forcing her to bully and tyrannize them for their own good — is standard twentieth century sci-fi, nothing I haven’t read in one form or another most of my life.

What Russ brings to Picnic is the literary verve of her prose, the dexterity with which she sketches the clashing personalities, and (revolutionary for sci-fi in 1968) a focus on emotional intelligence. One of the future tourists’ collective weaknesses is inability to face their emotions. Crying is an essential survival tool, the first step in facing facts and moving forward. When one tourist dies, Alyx spends hours comforting her daughter, despite the urgency of their escape. I can’t imagine any masculine sci-fi story from this era (or any era prior to, say, the 1990s) letting its characters mourn on the page.

Of course, it has to be said that the central conflict is exacerbated by Alyx’s brutal methods of bringing her “picnickers” to their senses. Carefully beating her clients to snap them out of a spiral happens more than once. The juxtaposition between the drug-numbed future folk and Alyx’s Bronze Age belligerence is deliberate, a storytelling choice underlined when Alyx is faced with her own grief. 

Friday, April 19, 2024

2024 read #46: The Island of Doctor Moreau by H. G. Wells.*

The Island of Doctor Moreau by H. G. Wells*
249 pages
Published 1896
Read from April 18 to April 19
Rating: 1.5 out of 5

* Denotes a reread.

Like The War of the Worlds and The Time Machine, The Island of Doctor Moreau was another tweenage favorite, read during the years when I lived in a car with my paranoid, abusive father (who seldom let me read anything more recent than the Edwardian era). I’ve been drawn to reread it ever since I read Silvia Moreno-Garcia’s excellent The Daughter of Doctor Moreau. Lacking access to my home library thanks to the move, and not yet having settled in enough to get a proper library card, I felt this was as good a time as any to give it a go.

Making the comparisons with Daughter is pretty much the only reason to read the original. Right from its conception, Wells’ Island is rancid with Victorian race theory, that bastard progeny of white supremacist theology and an early approximation of natural selection. The proverbial road from “beast” to “man” interested Victorians extremely, not least because the Christian conceit of the Great Chain of Being, dating back to medieval Neoplatonism, could be draped over their tentative glimpses of the evolutionary past, thus creating an ideological Frankenstein, a cobbled-together abomination to uphold their preconceived notions of superiority, with the Englishman just a couple steps below God. Even atheists of the day were enmeshed in this worldview, despite its theological origins. It was the foundation for late Victorian thought.

More succinctly, Island reeks of racism. Just absolutely foul with it. Racist imagery and racist implications cut through every depiction of Moreau’s creations; all the standard Victorian racial descriptors are in play.

Wells’ proto-technothriller style is far from its best here, burdened with clumsy description and awkward action. I will admit to some lingering wry fondness for Wells’ theological satire — God is a white-haired vivisectionist, indifferent to the pain and fear of his subjects — but even that is little more than a baby step toward religious deconstruction. The ending cribs more or less wholesale from Gulliver’s departure from the Houyhnhnms.

The few bits of the story worth salvaging found fresh life in Moreno-Garcia’s reimagining, so really, there just isn’t much point in revisiting Island, unless you plan to reinterpret and recontextualize it your own way.

Thursday, April 18, 2024

2024 read #45: Delicious in Dungeon: Volume 1 by Ryoko Kui.

Delicious in Dungeon: Volume 1 by Ryoko Kui
Translated by Taylor Engel
191 pages
Published 2015 (English translation 2017)
Read April 18
Rating: 4 out of 5

It often feels like I’m the last person to stumble my way into a fandom. For example, I’m only now in the process of watching my way through contemporary Doctor Who, a good ten or fifteen years after the Tumblr heyday of SuperWhoLock. The Delicious in Dungeon anime is one of the few shows I’ve gotten into during its first season. (Our Flag Means Death is the only other show I got into so early in its nascent popularity.) It’s been a rare pleasure to watch the fandom develop in real time.

Wanting some easy comfort reads during our move (and also while waiting for our boxed-up library to arrive in the moving container next week), I treated myself to this copy of the Dungeon Meshi manga. This is my first time reading a manga after watching the anime. I’m more accustomed to adaptations that take a looser ramble from page to screen. Practically every beat of the manga’s story was depicted in the anime, scene for scene, often line by line. This made the manga feel almost superfluous after watching the cartoon.

Still, it’s a delightful story with charming characters, winning design, and a fetching blend of humor, action, and clever twists on dungeon ecology. It’s no fault of the manga that the anime was adapted perhaps a bit too faithfully.

Wednesday, April 17, 2024

2024 read #44: Earth’s Last Citadel by C. L. Moore and Henry Kuttner.

Earth’s Last Citadel by C. L. Moore and Henry Kuttner
128 pages
Published 1943
Read from April 11 to April 17
Rating: 1 out of 5

American intelligence officer Alan Drake has been sent to Tunisia to keep Sir Colin, a scientist important to the war effort, safe from the Nazis. Two Nazi agents, femme fatale Karen and American muscle Mike, stand in Alan’s way. But then all four of them enter a sphere that takes them far into the future, where they find a dying Earth, wormlike monsters, and an immense spire like gossamer glass. They run afoul of an immortal being named Flande, who isn’t too happy to have them on his doorstep. And Alan unknowingly plays host to an alien intelligence that wants to feed on what’s left of humanity.

After reading Kuttner’s own Dying Earth-esque novel, The Dark World, and knowing of Moore’s contributions to classic sword & sorcery thanks to the reputation of her Jirel of Joiry stories, I had moderately high hopes for this book. Sadly, Citadel doesn’t have much of interest to offer. It’s a standard ’40s pulper with a blue-eyed hero who applies his gun and his fists to the problems of space and time, and immediately makes out with the first future babe he finds. This iteration adds nothing to the formula.

My impression was (perhaps) soured by the fact that my partner and I performed an arduous 700 mile move this week. Rarely have I been this comprehensively exhausted. I had hoped this book would be a light and colorful trifle to read whenever I had a spare moment, but it just never clicked. Maybe it was me.

Or maybe it was the way Citadel has Nazi collaborators help blonde barbarians steal the life-source of a race of effete and decadent spire-dwellers in order to establish a new human homeland. Maybe that was it.

Thursday, April 11, 2024

2024 read #43: Flatland by Edwin A. Abbott.

Flatland: A Romance of Many Dimensions by Edwin A. Abbott
Introduction by Banesh Hoffman 
91 pages
Published 1884
Read April 11
Rating: 1.5 out of 5

If you're like me, you spent much time in your formative years in used bookstores. Should you have happened to browse the science fiction and fantasy shelves at any point in the 1990s, perchance alphabetically, you would have encountered Flatland in abundance. I never went to high school (or took any other classes where this book might have been assigned), so I always assumed it was from the 1970s, a contemporary of The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy. It seemed, at least from the jacket summary, to fit that same cultural ethos, a cheeky genre-crossing commentary on social mores. I never felt any real pull to read Flatland until I was skimming lists of brief classic reads and learned that it was from the 1880s.

I was better off uninterested.

Math fantasy has maintained a modest but persistent seat at the fantasy table, most notably in my experience R.A. Lafferty’s “Narrow Valley” and Rudy Rucker’s “Inside Out,” both of which I happened to read and review here. I don't know if any math fantasy stories predate Flatland, but it is perhaps the most famous example.

Abbott employs his world of geometrical hierarchy to satirize the ranks of Victorian society. The Flatlanders — or at least their circular aristocracy — perceive polygons and circles as the most intelligent and noble shapes, and encourage a eugenics program to turn the “barbarous” masses of narrow triangles into equilateral triangles, and thence into “superior” shapes. Women, meanwhile, are considered simply straight lines: lacking a dimension, devoid of intelligence, a deadly danger to the men around them. Abbott pursues this vicious satire so acutely (heh) that he had to include a preface to the second printing, hinting that perhaps the satire had been misread as mere women-hating.

I’ll be honest: Without the preface, and without access to Wikipedia, I probably would have made the same mistake. One is reminded of those white dudes in the 1980s who were so keen to portray the gritty realities of racism that they sprinkled racial violence and the N-word throughout their stories.

Beyond this satire of social perceptions, there isn’t much depth (heh) to Flatland. Where Gulliver’s Travels also manages to tell a strange and memorable adventure tale, Flatland pretty much exhausts Abbott’s geometric satire with chapter after chapter of social mores in the first half of the book, then contrasts Flatland to Lineland and Spaceland in the second half, by way of dialogues in geometry.

If you haven’t read Flatland, I’ll spare you the trouble and give you its best line. Our narrator, a Square, is addressed by a Sphere from Spaceland, who attempts to demonstrate the reality of the third dimension. His conception of the universe attacked, the Square responds:

“Monster,” I shrieked, “be thou juggler, enchanter, dream, or devil, no more will I endure thy mockeries. Either thou or I must perish.”

That’s fully worthy of a Tumblr shitpost.

2024 read #42: Dinosaur Sanctuary: Volume 4 by Itaru Kinoshita.

Dinosaur Sanctuary: Volume 4 by Itaru Kinoshita
Research consultant: Shin-ichi Fujiwara
Translated by John Neal
196 pages
Published 2021 (English translation published 2024)
Read April 11
Rating: 3.5 out of 5

After volumes 1, 2, and 3 of Dinosaur Sanctuary, I expected more or less the same substance here: a shallow but entertaining tale of dinosaur-keepers running a zoo full of prehistoric animals, a well-researched and excellently drawn manga with few surprises but plenty of dinosaurs. And that’s largely what we get from this volume.

However, we open with a flashback chapter that centers on a secondary character but doesn’t add much substance to him. For me, at least, that threw off this volume’s rhythm, and it never quite recovered. I enjoyed the tale of Suma and Kaidou helping to capture an escaped Velociraptor, but the rest of the chapters felt a little flat. Even the art felt a little bit more rushed this time around, with fewer splash pages and less attention to detail.

Perhaps I’m the problem this time around. My partner R and I are in the middle of a complicated process of home-buying, packing, and planning for a move halfway up the Eastern Seaboard, so I’m in my distracted era. Or perhaps the infamous pressures of manga production are catching up with Itaru Kinoshita.

Still, it’s a lovely book about an operational dinosaur park, which puts it well above all but the first of the Jurassic Park movies (and most of the dinosaur fiction I’ve read).

Wednesday, April 10, 2024

2024 read #41: New to Liberty by DeMisty D. Bellinger.

New to Liberty by DeMisty D. Bellinger
197 pages
Published 2022
Read from April 1 to April 10
Rating: 4 out of 5

A haunting, beautiful, tragic, aching literary novel, New to Liberty introduces us to three women navigating societally forbidden relationships in rural Kansas. Isolation and prejudice loom through each story: mixed-race Sissily traveling through with an older white man in 1966; Nella secretly rendezvousing with a disabled white man in 1947; Greta finding momentary love with a woman in 1933. Each of them are united by the themes of powerlessness in society, of being manipulated by the men in around them, of straining to find any scrap of control over their lives. Threads of old tragedies and past mistakes weave through each of the narratives, tightening them into a cohesive whole.

Bellinger’s prose hums with place and character, bringing dust-blown summers and horrific attacks to life with equal clarity. Her command of characterization is outstanding. The emotional weight of each of the three stories balances delicately between what is said and what isn’t, a boulder poised on the head of a pin. There are no easy answers, no pat fixes, no neat resolutions. Female solidarity — across racial lines, across lines of sexuality, across generations — is the only solid handhold any of the characters are offered:

We could do nothing…. I stood and swayed with her…. It was horrible, but nice. It was like being in church. It was all three of us throwing all hope to something outside of ourselves, hopefully greater than us three. Hopefully benevolent.

Sunday, March 31, 2024

2024 read #40: A Walk in the Woods by Bill Bryson.*

A Walk in the Woods: Rediscovering America on the Appalachian Trail by Bill Bryson*
277 pages
Published 1998
Read from March 29 to March 31
Rating: 2 out of 5

* Denotes a reread. 

When I read this book at 16, way back in 1999, I was already fixated on hiking the Appalachian Trail. I had grown up living in the woods — or, more precisely, I had grown up on the road, which by age 12 had devolved into sleeping in the car in various parks and forests from the Adirondacks to the Cascades, from the Mogollon Rim to the Black Hills.

My father had, in his saner days, indulged in the Rocky Mountain High vibe of the ’70s. He harbored a glimmer of that even as he turned paranoid and violent with age, one dim spark of humanity lingering as he devolved into a monster. At one point in my tweens, he thrifted the February 1987 issue of National Geographic, which had the article “Appalachian Trail: A Tunnel Through Time.” I pored through it again and again, examining every photograph, imagining myself at this particular shelter, navigating that specific piece of trail, finding this certain wildflower. When I fantasized about leaving my father behind in my impending adulthood, it was natural that I couldn’t conceptualize anything beyond walking away into the woods. (I certainly couldn’t imagine integrating into human society.)

All of which is more depressing and confessional than what I meant to say, which is merely that, as an outdoor hipster, I was well acquainted with the Appalachian Trail long before I encountered this book on the Wal-Mart bestseller rack. For the public at large, though, I understand that A Walk in the Woods was a moment of discovery. It is often cited as one of the main reasons the AT became over-popularized, setting in motion what would ultimately become the “walking frat party” of the yearly thru-hiker bubble. (Browsing the shelves of used bookstores, where, to this day, 80% of the outdoor recreation section will be stacks of this book, lends its anecdotal support to this idea.) Like any treasured place, the AT was better loved when it was less famous.

All of that, of course, still lay in the future. A quarter-century ago, avoiding my father as best as I could from the passenger seat, I read and reread A Walk in the Woods with all the intensity of a religious text, a meditation. So much so that, like childhood staples The War of the Worlds and Jurassic Park, every word and every line is familiar to this day, which I wasn’t expecting when I picked it up again for this revisit. I had truly forgotten how much this book had meant to me, once upon a time.

That nostalgia gloss is an awkward reading companion today. Turns out I don’t really like Woods anymore. Living in a car, I didn’t pick up on Bryson’s casual misogyny. Most women who cross his path get lampooned: desperate, unattractive, fat, unintelligent, prattling, oblivious. The only men he caricatures with equal gusto are the Appalachian rural poor, because of course this book is classist as hell, too.

In general, Bryson’s humor feels stale and mean-spirited to me nowadays, reading like an uncomplicated normie sitcom from the ’90s: Everybody Loves Raymond, maybe, or The King of Queens, something with a lot of fat jokes and a scolding wife, with the character Katz as the larger-than-life neighbor who gets cheers from the studio audience. Sometimes Bryson indulges in moments of almost enjoying himself, but then it’s right back to whole chapters of complaining about fat people, hostels, mice, maps, gizmos, rain, rain gear, or the National Park Service. It’s exhausting far more often than it is charming. (In retrospect, it explains why On the Beaten Path would be published so quickly thereafter. Clearly, the publishers thought “cranky misanthrope on the Appalachian Trail” was a license to print money.)

Friday, March 29, 2024

2024 read #39: Oroonoko by Aphra Behn.

Oroonoko, or The Royal Slave: A True History by Aphra Behn
Edited with introduction and notes by Janet Todd
133 pages
Published 1688
Read from March 28 to March 29
Rating: 1.5 out of 5

My partner R and I are in the midst of packing for a move up north. Almost all of my books are already boxed up. What’s left is a dwindling pile of books I’m unsure whether I want to pack or leave behind. This book, a Penguin Classics edition I got at a used bookstore for 75 cents, is part of this residue. Now that I've read it, I have no need to bring it!

I approached Oroonoko as a document from a transitional stage in the culture of Atlantic Europe. Recognizable concepts of race as a social hierarchy were gradually developing from the “Christian vs heathen” dichotomy, as a result of colonialism, plantation economies, and the slave trade, but these ideas were in their infancy, and far from universal. (See Nell Irvin Painter's The History of White People.) Class and rank were more pressing concerns to avowed royalist Behn. Traumatized as a youth by the English Civil War and the joyless years of the Commonwealth, Behn wrote Oroonoko toward the tumultuous end of James II's reign, when another Stuart sovereign was on the verge of capitulation. The true horror for Behn is not that Africans were enslaved, but rather that an African prince, a natural aristocrat who quotes Plutarch and praises England’s “great monarch” Charles I, could have been enslaved, like a mere commoner.

Which isn't to say that the book isn’t horridly racist. It’s an Early Modern English caricature of a West African couple, set in an early colonial Suriname. It’s all kinds of racist.

Oroonoko is also a document of literary transition. Some consider it one of the earliest novels in English; it predates Robinson Crusoe by three decades. As a book, it’s as awkward as a toddler’s steps. Behn’s background in drama is clear; much of the book reads like someone is summing up for you a play they attended, all the melodrama with none of the poetry of line or command of performance. (At a climactic death scene, Behn writes, “[It] is not to be doubted but the parting… must be very moving.”) Behn claims in her dedication to have penned the story in a matter of hours, which I can well believe. The result is a dud, only marginally worthwhile due to its interesting position in the evolution of the genre.

Thursday, March 28, 2024

2024 read #38: Pilgrim at Tinker Creek by Annie Dillard.

Pilgrim at Tinker Creek by Annie Dillard
280 pages
Published 1974
Read from March 13 to March 28
Rating: 4.5 out of 5

Classics of nature writing are haunted by the outlines of everything we’ve destroyed.

In the fifty years since Pilgrim was published, we’ve lost uncountable numbers of birds; insect populations have been in free fall; amphibians have collapsed. The very soil has become sterile, quenched by herbicides and pesticides. Where Dillard pondered the vastness of divinity and the cruel beauty of nature under troublesome clouds of starlings, you might be lucky to see a scatter of sparrows today. Most of Tinker Creek itself, Dillard’s “one great giver,” today seems a ghost watershed, squeezed between the culs-de-sac and fulfillment centers that sprawl out from Roanoke and the I-81 corridor.

The spirit of intellectual Christianity lurking throughout this book is also pretty much extinct. At least it is in America, where the loudest elements of the faith champion a skin-deep literalism, fully commercialized and dead inside. Atheism and Christlike Christianity alike are capable of transcendence, the ecstatic revelations of humility before the infinite; the greatest exaltation an American evangelist can know is browbeating a waitress on a Sunday afternoon.

At its heart, Pilgrim is a book-length consideration of the cruelty within nature’s beauty, a rumination on how any conception of a creator god must incorporate the blood-spill as well as the birdsong, the parasite alongside the petals:

For if God is in one sense the igniter, a fireball that spins over the ground of continents, God is also the destroyer, lightning, blind power, impartial as the atmosphere. 

From an atheist’s point of view, of course, the matter is much clearer, though no less awe-making. We are intelligent animals reliant on our deeply enmeshed social bonds; beauty (or rather the appreciation of it) is the newcomer, yet vital to us nonetheless, as vital as the sometimes bloody workings of mere survival. We are part of nature, inseparable, and that is glory.

I can respect intellectual Christianity, but it has died back faster than the insects have, these last fifty years. In contrast to either atheism or intellectual Christianity, contemporary evangelicalism presents a pop-up picture book understanding of the world, a paper cutout universe merely six thousand years deep, reducing us all to children play-acting for our abusive sky-dad’s jollies. Animals, plants, nature as a whole — all of it recedes into the background art from a Dick & Jane book. I can only imagine how many contemporary Southern Baptists in Dillard’s western Virginia would decry her spiritual masterpiece as evolutionist sacrilege.

I’m pretty sure Robert Macfarlane name-dropped this book in one or more of his tributes to the titans of nature writing past. It’s more than worthy of such notice. Every line jolts or shimmers with the mystery of language, scintillating or concealing in intricate patterns like cloud-shadow tumbling ahead of the wind. At least once a page, this book takes my breath away:

Some trees sink taproots to rock; some spread wide mats of roots clutching at acres. They will not be blown. We run around under these obelisk-creatures, teetering on our soft, small feet. We are out on a jaunt, picnicking, fattening like puppies for our deaths. Shall I carve a name on this trunk? What if I fell in a forest: Would a tree hear?

Like the best nature writing, Pilgrim is about learning to see; and, having seen, sensing how much else exists beyond our awareness. The present is elusive, recursive, a revelation quickly lost in other stimulation. I’m reminded of The Anthropology of Turquoise or A Field Guide to Getting Lost. A magnificent book.

Monday, March 25, 2024

2024 read #37: The Eagle of the Ninth by Rosemary Sutcliff.

The Eagle of the Ninth by Rosemary Sutcliff
214 pages
Published 1954
Read from March 20 to March 25
Rating: 3 out of 5

As a precocious reader whose parent seldom let them access anything more recent than the Edwardian era, I’ve been something of an Anglophile my whole life, swooning over misty mornings on the downs and the ancient lines of hedgerows depicted by Doyle. And as a lifelong history nerd, Roman Britain was long a special interest of mine: an era of long-distance trade, culture contact, and people moving between continents long before any modern conception of “race” had been invented, with Britain itself a wooded land of fog and wolves at the edge of the world. It’s a shame that the definitive modern fantasy novel about Roman Britain (The Mists of Avalon) was written by one of those sex predators all too common in twentieth century SFF. I’ll certainly never make the effort to read it.

The Eagle of the Ninth got name-checked in one of the British histories I read in recent months, possibly In the Land of Giants. And for the most part, it delivers on what I’d want from an adventure novel set in Roman Britain. Its historical accuracy is debatable, but Sutcliff vividly depicts the culture and day to day life in Roman fort and town, from food to clothing to smells and sounds. The dialogue has a formal rhythm that makes the characters truly feel like they’re from a culture distinct from the reader’s. Sutcliff’s descriptions of nature beyond the walls are impeccable, poetic, worthy of any contemporary British nature writer:

He heard the bees zooming among the bell-heather of the clearing, smelled the warm aromatic scents of the sun-baked birch woods overlaying the cold saltiness of the sea; singled out one among the wheeling gulls and watched it until it became lost in a flickering cloud of sun-touched wings.

Most unexpectedly for 1954, there are distinct queer overtones to the companionship between disabled Centurion Marcus and manumitted Brit Esca. It’s no The Last of the Wine, but it’s far more emotionally tender and more intimately portrayed than I would have expected.

That said, Eagle absolutely shows its age. There’s the whole thing about Marcus purchasing Esca as a personal slave in the first place. (Accurate to the time period, but a dubious way for a writer to begin a relationship between two fictional characters, by modern standards.) There’s a line about how hereditary slaves, unlike those captured in battle, are simply used to slavery and don’t mind it. There's also a hugely uncomfortable age gap relationship between Marcus and a teenage girl named Cottia. Again, possibly accurate to the time period, but a questionable choice for a modern writer to make.

Wednesday, March 13, 2024

2024 read #36: Michael Swanwick’s Field Guide to the Mesozoic Megafauna by Michael Swanwick.

Michael Swanwick’s Guide to the Mesozoic Megafauna by Michael Swanwick
Artwork by Stephanie Pui-Mun Law
32 pages
Published 2004
Read March 13
Rating: 2.5 out of 5

This chapbook — scarcely more than a pamphlet — collects two sequences of dinosaur-themed microfiction. The first, “Michael Swanwick’s Guide to the Mesozoic Megafauna,” was published in 2003 as a promotional tie-in for Swanwick’s Bones of the Earth. The second, “Five British Dinosaurs,” was originally published in Interzone in 2002. I spent $9 on a secondhand copy — that’s almost 30 cents per page.

“Guide” includes thirteen vignettes, each centered on a particular extinct genus or species. “The Thief of Time: Eoraptor: early Carnian” was an out-of-the-gate highlight. Most of the vignettes are delightful, but a few of them are dated by the kind of sweeping nationalist assumptions certain authors liked to include twenty-odd years ago.

Each fic is scarcely a morsel, a scene-setting plus a punchline. It’s a shame they were written to promote a book that took place mostly in boardrooms, because Bones of the Earth would have benefited immensely from some colorful interstitials along these lines, while these yarns would benefit from just a bit more room to breathe.

“Five British Dinosaurs” is a more focused sequence of, well, British punchlines: pixies inadvertently leading Mary Ann Mantell to the first Iguanodon teeth, a bone-headed pachycephalosaur sitting in Parliament, a Megalosaurus stopping by for tea, and so on. I’d love to see more stories along these lines, fleshed out and given more life than this tasting-menu format permits.

Monday, March 11, 2024

2024 read #35: Falling in Love with Hominids by Nalo Hopkinson.

Falling in Love with Hominids by Nalo Hopkinson
224 pages
Published 2015
Read from March 5 to March 11
Rating: 4.5 out of 5

I found this collection in a local used bookstore. I’ve had memorable experiences with Nalo Hopkinson’s novels in the past, and this book in particular has a cool, evocative cover, which was enough to make me buy it.

But reading Hopkinson’s foreword was what convinced me I’d likely love these stories. The collection’s title — a Cordwainer Smith quotation — is used here to describe Hopkinson’s growth from a depressed teenager, despising humanity, hopeless in the face of the world’s injustices, to a more confident and optimistic person, embraced and buoyed by community. Granted, 2015 was a wholly different world in many ways. Being optimistic was more plausible then than it is today. But I want to get back some sense of community, which I briefly gained after my own misanthropic teen years before I lost it again. So Hopkinson’s foreword was instantly relatable.

Plus, I’m intrigued by all the stories first published in now-forgotten themed anthologies: Girls Who Bite Back, Monstrous Affections, Queer Fear. They all sound so cool and interesting. I want to get into themed anthologies more going forward, both as a reader and as a writer.


“The Easthound” (2012). Creative and atmospheric spin on werewolves. Warrens of children eke out survival after all the teens and adults “sprout” into furry carnivores, a pandemic of lycanthropy triggered by puberty. But all the survivors are getting older. A haunting story, expertly structured. Excellent.

“Soul Case” (2008). Brief but vivid account of the maroon nation of Chynchin, a fictional quilombo facing attack from colonialist soldiers on camels. I wish there had been more of this story. I’m assuming it forms a prologue / prequel / backstory to a longer body of work. (Some slight digging reveals that, yes, Chynchin appears in several of Hopkinson’s stories.)

“Message in a Bottle” (2005). Domestic near-future fiction is still all too rare, but it was even scarcer back in the '00s. This piece is as thoroughly '00s as it gets, though: narrator Greg watches young Kamla grow in her adoptive family, only to discover that Kamla (and many kids like her) are actually from the future, sent back in time in clone form in bodies designed to age slowly and live for centuries. It's a solid enough story, though the social and political changes since 2005 make the intergenerational research concerns here seem quaint.

“The Smile on the Face” (2005). Gilla is a teenage girl, pressured by social expectations to hate every aspect of herself: her hair, her size, her existence as a girl, her ability to talk to trees. But, as in the tale of St. Margaret she has to read for school — a Christian hagiography that sounds suspiciously like a woman abandoning the role foisted upon her by the faith and turning to old, feminine tree magic in her hour of need — Gilla learns to embrace her own power. Hopkinson ties these threads together so ably, she makes it look effortless.

“Left Foot, Right” (2014). A strange and beautiful contemporary fairy tale about grief, a car crash, crabs, and borrowed shoes. Quite good.

“Old Habits” (2011). Outstanding tale of ghosts stuck haunting a mall. Sweet, melancholy, and unexpectedly horrifying, all at once. Possibly my favorite story here so far.

“Emily Breakfast” (2010). This one begins so gently, and unfolds so slowly, I had no idea what to expect. It's an utterly charming slice-of-life tale, disarmingly intimate and queer and full of community, spiced with just the right amount of fantasy touches: cats with wings, chickens that breathe fire, messenger lizards. You know the standard SFF writing advice, that line that says genre elements should always be integral to the story and tie into its themes? This story ignores all that, and is all the better for it. It's so good! I aspire to write like this. Another favorite.

“Herbal” (2002). This zippy little fable literalizes the elephant in the room, and follows it through its logical outcome. Entertaining. 

“A Young Candy Daughter” (2004). Another charming little tale, this one about a young savior growing into her miracles.

“A Raggy Dog, a Shaggy Dog” (2006). A sharply detailed and absorbing character study of narrator Tammy Griggs, who keeps orchids, sets off sprinklers to water them in apartments, and drifts in the liminal space between biology and magic. There are also hybrid rats with wings. Mesmerizing.

“Shift” (2002). A contemporary reframing of The Tempest that examines intersections of color and sex, power and prejudice. It is spellbinding in its lyricism, in its magics of water and cream. 

“Delicious Monster” (2002). Another piece that expertly weaves together the domestic and the cosmic. Jerry grew up with a distant, angry, unhappy father, and is resentful now that his dad Carlos has become a better version of himself, happy with his partner Sudharshan in a way he had never been during Jerry’s childhood. But a solar eclipse marks the arrival of something new. Another outstanding piece.

“Snow Day” (2005). While out shoveling snow, our narrator meets a raccoon and discovers, to their mutual distaste, that they can get inside each other’s minds. But that’s only the beginning, as other animals converge upon the city and the minds of its people. And then spaceships land. Charming.

“Flying Lessons” (2015). A beautifully written fable that shields the horrifying trauma beneath. 

“Whose Upward Flight I Love” (2000). Marvelous imagery highlights this microfic of trees caged in the city, and the fall storms that sometimes set them free. Gorgeous and succinct.

“Blushing” (2009). A contemporary fairy tale with Gothic overtones. A new bride gets the keys to every room in the tastefully updated Victorian, except one. Naturally, I loved the meticulous geological details of where the stone façades and surfaces were sourced. I didn’t expect the twist ending. Brief but unsettling.

“Ours Is the Prettiest” (2011). Long ago, flush with the discovery of Emma Bull’s War for the Oaks, I attempted to read her novel Finder, set in the Borderland shared universe. It never clicked for me; I abandoned it a few pages in, and never tried to get into anything else from the setting afterward. This story comes from a much more recent Bordertown revival. Like anything from a shared universe, the backstory is somewhat opaque, but Hopkinson’s deft hand with exposition made it easy to sink into its rhythms. Pure ’90s urban fantasy, but updated and reinvigorated, “Prettiest” is vivid and queer and boisterous, once again mixing character drama with a rich and magical backdrop. I’m not necessarily intrigued to read more Borderland stories after this, but I’d love to read more like this from Nalo Hopkinson. Another new favorite.

“Men Sell Not Such in Any Town” (2015). It’s odd how I never heard of Goblin Market until last year, and now that I know about it and have read it, I keep noticing references to it in unexpected places. Hopkinson cites Market as the inspiration for her novel Sister Mine, but says this brief story takes only its title (and its tempting fruits) from the poem. Atmospheric like a hothouse, this little tale. Voluptuous and sensual.


And that’s it for this collection! It was a delight start to finish, perhaps the most consistently excellent single-author collection I’ve read so far.

Wednesday, March 6, 2024

2024 read #34: Smith of Wootton Major by J. R. R. Tolkien.

Smith of Wootton Major by J. R. R. Tolkien
Illustrations by Pauline Diana Baynes
59 pages
Published 1967
Read March 6
Rating: 2.5 out of 5

Is this a Christ allegory? Is it about philology? Or is it plain old faery fantasy? Wikipedia doesn’t know! Personally, I read it as a meditation on growing old, mortality, and entrusting the next generation.

This is a brief and fairly conventional midcentury fantasy, largely pleasant and unremarkable. A cook, full of unearned confidence, chucks a fay-star into a special cake for the children. The fay-star gets swallowed by a boy (later named Smith), and attaches itself to his forehead, permitting him long walks into Faery and blessing his skill at the forge.

Unsurprisingly, the best parts of this morsel were Tolkien’s thumbnail descriptions of the wonders of Faery, such as the Vale of Evermorn. The worst part of it is how it ends with a prolonged fat joke, equating the old cook’s negative qualities with his fatness. You could have ended this tale ten pages early and not lost anything of substance, which is a lot in a story this brief.

2024 read #33: The Underground Railroad by Colson Whitehead.

The Underground Railroad by Colson Whitehead
308 pages
Published 2016
Read from March 4 to March 6
Rating: 4.5 out of 5

At one point, early in Cora’s escape from enslavement, an underground station agent tells her: “Look outside as you speed through, and you’ll find the true face of America.” Cora follows his advice, but “There was only darkness, mile after mile.” That’s a concise thesis statement for this novel as a whole.

Much of The Underground Railroad’s marketing emphasizes how Whitehead literalized its namesake network. Physical trains chuff through physical tunnels, connecting vignettes to illustrate the Black experience in America. Enslavement, torture, medical exploitation and experimentation, sterilization, eugenic schemes, cadaver theft, lynching, genocide, rape, evangelism — all of them central to the American project, all of them linked by white Americans’ apostolic frenzy to dehumanize and subjugate Black folks. Stolen land worked by stolen bodies: the sickness and rot at the heart of everything this country has ever been.

Railroad’s vignettes are powerful, appalling, gripping, linked by the conceit its literal underground tunnels, at first a streamlining artifice of storytelling and metaphor that reaches its full brilliance at the end of the book. Regardless of marketing, Railroad is as magnificent, and as devastating, as you’d expect.

Monday, March 4, 2024

2024 read #32: The Great God Pan by Arthur Machen.

The Great God Pan by Arthur Machen
156 pages
Published 1894
Read March 4
Rating: 1.5 out of 5

I don’t know why turn-of-the-century horror and fantasy authors became so fixated on Pan. Clearly it fit into the social reaction against the speed of technological change and social “progress” (we must use that term loosely for this era). There’s a distinct through-line of sexual anxiety as well, of fragile men losing their wits over the possibility of women having sexual agency. Modernism encompasses both the progress and the reaction against it, after all, balanced in uneasy tension. But why Pan?

My best guess is a lingering Victorian fetish for classical Greece, repudiating local British fae lore and nature spirits in favor of the “civilized” myths of a completely different culture.

(Which in turn brings us back to the ideological underpinnings of white supremacy, the myths of a great heritage of classical civilization that Western Europe invented for itself during the Medieval and Renaissance eras, myths which the English honed in the Victorian age. The cultural “heirs” of Greece and Rome — in as much as cultures can have “heirs,” which is a dubious proposition at best — were the Abbasid Caliphate and the Ottomans. Western Europe was always a cultural fringe and economic backwater, dressing up its indigenous systems of kin strife and feudal obligation with Roman trappings after the Western Empire collapsed and left behind a power vacuum. Victorians excelled at editing away actual history in favor of tidy hierarchies that always happened to place themselves at the top. But I digress.)

Whatever the reason, Pan was everywhere, from approximately the 1890s through the 1930s. One of the earliest manifestations of the Pan obsession, and certainly the most famous to this day, Machen’s The Great God Pan has been on my list for a few years now.

For such an influential story, Pan isn’t that good. Machen’s prose is stiff, almost amateurish to modern eyes. As in his story “N” (which I read and reviewed here), much of his narrative is laid out in smoking-room dialogue between gentlemen who witnessed different aspects of the story. After depicting a street-corner encounter in one chapter, he has one character summarize it all over again to another man in the next. At one point, two characters summarize the plot up to this point, then stop to look at the house of one Mrs. Beaumont, “an oddish sort of woman,” who just happens to serve a thousand-year-old vintage of claret to her guests; the two men make no connection between the two strands, and continue their walk. It’s almost comical.

Machen builds his novella’s horrors upon the unrestrained appetites of its femme fatale: “[T]hat woman, if I can call her woman, corrupted my soul.” Helen emerges from an event of horrible misogyny in the first chapter: her teenage mother Mary’s brain was operated upon by a man who regarded Mary as essentially his property, opening Mary’s mind to the horrors beyond human conception, and thence conceiving Helen through presumably metaphysical means (though this is never specified, so maybe I'm being naive). The book, in that light, could be understood as a violated woman’s vengeance upon the rich and titled men of London. I’d certainly love to see this retold as a queer revenge fantasy to highlight that element more. As it is, though, Machen’s story is far more interested in men putting a stop to Helen’s supernatural crimes that it is in her justification.

Sunday, March 3, 2024

2024 read #31: What Feasts at Night by T. Kingfisher.

What Feasts at Night by T. Kingfisher
151 pages
Published 2024
Read from March 2 to March 3
Rating: 3.5 out of 5

Following up on Kingfisher's magnificent What Moves the Dead, What Feasts at Night finds sworn soldier Alex Easton returning to kan family's meager estate in Gallacia. There's a noticeable genre switch between the two volumes (though nothing as drastic as the switch between Emily Tesh’s Silver in the Wood and its follow-up, Drowned Country). Where Dead luxuriated in Gothic fungal horror, Night is cozy folkloric horror. It settles in with familiar characters and gives them space to hang out and make humorous asides before any of them encounter the shapeshifting, breath-stealing moroi. For long stretches, Night reads more like a light Ruritanian fantasy than a horror novel.

Regardless of genre, Night is quite enjoyable, a briskly told tale that feels much bigger than its margins. It takes a while, but we eventually do get some body-shuddering horror worthy of Dead’s legacy. I’m satisfied.

Saturday, March 2, 2024

2024 read #30: The Time Machine by H.G. Wells.*

The Time Machine by H.G. Wells*
216 pages
Published 1895
Read March 2
Rating: 2.5 out of 5

* Denotes a reread.

Tim Sullivan’s story “Dinosaur on a Bicycle” (which I read and reviewed in the March 1987 issue of Asimov’s Science Fiction) was an effective and affectionate pastiche of Wells’ The Time Machine, so much so that I decided to revisit that classic novel immediately after wrapping up that review. It was a childhood favorite of mine, which I first read not long after The War of the Worlds. It’s a short and vivid book that left an outsize impression on my adolescent imagination. I know it won’t hold up to modern standards, but I haven’t reread it as an adult, so why not check it out again? At least it's a quick read.

Seemingly every entry-level commentary on The Time Machine picks up on Wells’ socialist class conflict narrative. What interests me more nowadays, as a would-be student of the evolution of science fiction and its ideological underpinnings, is how central a role the Victorian conceit of social evolution plays here. “Struggle improves the race” was the Victorian aristocracy’s way of incorporating Darwinian theory without upsetting their own social myths of racial, gender, and religious superiority. Even socialist Wells was unable to conceptualize that humanity evolved intelligence hand in hand with social systems and cooperation, enmeshed as he was in the mores of empire.

What’s most remarkable about this self-serving ideological gloss is not that it appeared this early — the entire rickety structure has Victorian roots, after all — but that it persisted so late. It pervades the Campbellian sci-fi of the 20th century, and was taken as accepted wisdom well into the 1990s. Hell, you’ll still find “comfort leads to decadence” ideology lurking around corners of SFF to this day. Clearly, it survived so long because science fiction’s primary audience (comfortably well-off heterosexual white men) was still served by it. (It’s the ideology of empire and hierarchy, after all.)

On its own merits, The Time Machine is a crisp adventure tale, efficiently structured, doling out each piece of the puzzle of 802,701 AD exactly when it’s needed. It’s better written and more effectively plotted than most scientific romances or tales of scientifiction would manage to be well into the 1940s. (Wells himself only wrote a handful of novels as good as this one, for that matter.) It isn’t particularly deep fiction, unless you’re reading it at 10 years old, but it’s entertaining and manages to do exactly what it sets out to do. If only more stories from the ensuing fifty years of pulp could say the same.

2024 read #29: Isaac Asimov’s Science Fiction Magazine, March 1987 issue.

Isaac Asimov’s Science Fiction Magazine, March 1987 issue (11:3)
Edited by Gardner Dozois
192 pages
Published 1987
Read from March 1 to March 2
Rating: 2 out of 5

This issue feels like a direct-to-video sequel to IASF’s August 1986 issue. There’s an overlong Orson Scott Card story, a Basil Argyros novelette from Harry Turtledove, and an offbeat dinosaur story from Tim Sullivan (which is the reason I’m reading this one), plus the obligatory poems from Robert Frazier. SFF mags always had a tendency to favor flavor-of-the-month authors (as well as the buddies of their editors), but this degree of repetition is ridiculous.


“Images” by Harry Turtledove. It feels odd to take Basil Argyros, whom we last saw bereaved but finding faith at the lowest point in his life in “Strange Eruptions,” and turn him into an alternate history procedural detective, a sort of Byzantine Brother Cadfael. It cheapens the story arc of “Eruptuons,” in particular the character of Helen, who isn’t even mentioned in this story. On its own merits, “Images” feels desultory, lacking the emotional heart of “Eruptions.” It reads less like a story with stakes and a plot, and more like a treatise on one of Turtledove’s special interests. This time the trouble is iconoclasm, a theological position which kindles riots in the fiercely opinionated city. Basil stumbles through one such riot, and inevitably gets entangled in the ecumenical council called by the emperor to settle the topic. Befitting the genre shift to a private eye tale, there’s even a femme fatale involved in the dispute. The didactic value of “Images” is dubious; I certainly don’t know where actual Byzantine theology ends and Turtledove’s alternate history begins. I’ll admit “Images” is painless enough, which counts for something in this era of sci-fi. C-


“Dinosaur on a Bicycle” by Tim Sullivan. Once upon a time, one of my favorite t-shirts was one I bought around 2007 and kept in rotation for almost a decade (back when a t-shirt could reasonably be expected to last for a decade). It depicted a villainous Victorian Velociraptor on a velocipede, complete with handlebar mustache, monocle, and penny-farthing. It’s venerable enough as internet jokes go, but I was surprised to find it presaged in print here, twenty years before I got that shirt.

“Bicycle” is a standard “intelligent dinosaur travels back in time and encounters humans who also traveled here from a divergent timeline” piece, nothing particularly original (though maybe it predates the heyday of that particular trend by a few years). What sets it apart is its winsomely depicted saurian steampunk aesthetic, with our intrepid Harry pedaling a penny-farthing to power the chronokineticon, a clockwork mechanism straight out of The Time Machine. (More time travel narratives, regardless of species, need to feature a carnosaur chasing a penny-farthing bike.) The humans’ time machine, in turn, is a “clockwork Mock-Dinosaur,” camouflaged in the shape of a tyrannosaur.

All too quickly, the story collapses under the weight of its own absurdity, throwing in intelligent canines and felines in their own respective chrono-contraptions, who of course fight like cats and dogs, not to mention time-traveling whales and raccoons and cockroaches and thousands of others. But the story retains some charm nonetheless, and was worth the effort of tracking it down, which can’t be said for much dinosaur fiction. B-


A Robert Frazier poem follows: “Encased in the Amber of Probabilities.” It’s solid.


“Waves” by Andrew Weiner. This tale presents a far-fetched sci-fi scenario: an American government that addresses economic stagnation through a near-universal dole. Advances in genetic and computer technology have rendered most jobs obsolete, leading to widespread unemployment, which the government addresses through art grants and business stipends. Pure fantasy, right? Preposterous. Weiner’s fictional Pause reminds me of the best parts of lockdown: the stimulus cash, the dilettantism, the surge of weird creativity and genuine self-discovery. However, like so many ’80s retrofutures that approximated the current moment, “Waves” is absurdly optimistic. The story itself has big sci-fi ambitions grounded in its genteel day-to-day dramas, swerving into brain wave mysticism and dark matter, psychoactive states and Big Bang cycles — all concepts more plausible than an American government supporting its citizens. The cosmic stuff doesn't quite land, but it's still a solid enough preview of the kitchen-sink approach of 1990s sci-fi. B-


Another Robert Frazier poem: “Birds of the Mutant Rain Forest.” Also pretty good, with memorable imagery, though I prefer the first one.


“Ice Dreams” by Sharon N. Farber. This one attempts to mix a folksy, various-tenants-at-the-boarding-house-meet-a-strange-new-character vibe, straight out of midcentury nostalgia fantasy, with a Magical Mentally Ill, the-voices-in-my-head-were-right-about-you trope, which is pure-strain 1980s. Even allowing for its humorous intentions, this story of a psychic vampire feeding off of, and spoiling, the secret daydreams of his fellow-tenants doesn’t make it work. Which is a shame, because I love What We Do in the Shadows, and I don’t think I’ve encountered psychic vampires anywhere else. Maybe D?


“Eye for Eye” by Orson Scott Card. Oh boy, a novella-length tale about an angry, misunderstood young white man who can kill with his mind, from noted bigot Card. Taken on its own, it’s a fairly solid story, engrossing and atmospheric and well-written, grappling with the theological implications of the implacability of the biblical God. It also presents the terrifying specter of what it would be like if white Southern Baptists got superpowers. But (as was typical of white male writers of the time, but particularly suspect coming from Card) he has his side characters perform racial commentary, and just in general gums up the narration with icky eighties vibes. Like, truly, does your lone Jewish character need to quote antisemitic tropes in a self-deprecating farewell? Do we need your white narrator to say the N-word to emphasize how not-racist he is toward a Black character? Do we need said narrator to say the N-word again, later, and say it’s okay because the Black character said it first? Women as a whole are given similar treatment. Where Mick can kill with his mind, a woman he meets has the power to… make men horny. There’s something extremely Mormon about it all. The myriad subtle bigotries that were just accepted in this era feel even more insidious from a writer as legitimately (and regrettably) talented as Card was at his peak. D-?


And that’s it! For an issue that felt like reheated leftovers, this one had some minor highlights. I’m glad I tracked down “Dinosaur on a Bicycle,” and “Waves” was definitely worth the read as well.

Friday, March 1, 2024

2024 read #28: An Unkindness of Ghosts by Rivers Solomon.

An Unkindness of Ghosts by Rivers Solomon
350 pages
Published 2017
Read from February 3 to March 1
Rating: 4 out of 5

White supremacy and American evangelical Christianity are interwoven, inseparable, inextricable. You can have white supremacy without religion, but you cannot have American evangelicalism without white supremacy. Evangelicalism positions a hierarchy with the abusive heavenly dad at its summit; rankings in the earthly hierarchy just happen to map onto the racial, sexual, gendered, and financial power structures of America’s horrific past (and all too plausible future). White supremacy is a rite of greater significance to the religion than the teachings or sacrifice of the biblical Jesus. American evangelicalism shouldn’t be called Christianity at all — nothing about it reflects the pre-Constantine faith. But then, which modern sect of Christianity does?

The setting of this novel literalizes this ideological knot to reflect the cruel heart of the American project back on itself. The Matilda is a generation ship. It left Earth — the Great Lifehouse, now a dead world — hundreds of years before, heading out to a Promised Land in the stars. Dark-skinned people, restricted to the lower decks, are brutalized and forced to labor to feed and maintain the pale-skinned aristocracy of the upper decks. The religious Sovereignty no longer controls the direction of the ship, but they maintain their horrific grip upon the generations of people trapped on board, even as power outages and other troubles plague the lower decks.

The world Solomon describes within the Matilda is palpable, tactile, vivid in its horrors and its secret touches of community. In part because it took me so long to read Ghosts, its setting lingers in my mind, burning like the nuclear reactor at the ship’s heart.

Our main viewpoint character is Aster, whom we might describe as queer, intersex, and autistic. She is a scientist, an alchemicalist, a healer, the child of a brilliant woman who disappeared when she was born. Her viewpoint is unflinching, detailing assaults and sexual violence and daily abuse, a careful record of the murderous rage she keeps tamped down in order to survive. In a world (or a ship) built with such calculated cruelty, the only rational response is to burn it all down.

Thursday, February 29, 2024

2024 read #27: Analog Science Fiction and Fact, November 1992 issue.

Analog Science Fiction and Fact, November 1992 issue (112:13)
Edited by Stanley Schmidt
176 pages
Published 1992
Read from February 28 to February 29
Rating: 1 out of 5

The first full issue of a science fiction magazine that I ever read was the June 1999 Analog. Maybe it was in that issue that I saw the iconic cover of this issue for the first time, with its tyrannosaur stalking two astronauts — one human, one blobby and alien — through a canyon. Maybe it featured prominently on an offer for back issues, or perhaps it was on one of those subscription cards that tumble out of magazines. Regardless, I’m excited to finally have the chance to read it!


“Embracing the Alien” by Geoffrey A. Landis. Our narrator is a plantlike being sent to study the strange creatures known as humans. The being uses the designation Torri for the humans’ benefit. Torri has been assigned to a human FTL ship, which pauses to investigate a black hole. But the black hole hosts an unknown electromagnetic life form, which pulls them into the event horizon and sends them back in time to the terminal Cretaceous on Earth. There, the travelers meet a younger version of the energy being, who asks them to vote on whether the human future should be wiped away to usher in a utopian dinosaur timeline.

If you’ve read a story in the ’90s Analog style, you know the formula: sci-fi adventure, lightly seasoned with human drama, but predominantly focused on the genre elements. This one goes through its relevant character beats like a checklist. It works adequately (if perfunctorily) as a story, but lacks emotional depth. Colonialism is woven inextricably throughout its premise: humanity (read: white people) spread disruption and war wherever they went, but they also taught other races technology and new ways of thinking, so they should be thanked! It’s impossible not to recognize that line for what it is, nowadays, even if it was wholly subconscious when written. Also, there just aren’t enough dinosaurs. I’m sure I would have loved “Alien” when I was younger, though. C


“Steelcollar Worker” by Vonda N. McIntyre. Jannine and Neko are workers in a VR factory, finessing molecules into proprietary compounds for various drugs or fertilizers. Neko has misgivings about the secret new compound they’ve been making, but Jannine is more worried about the threat of being promoted. This story tries to be a blue collar viewpoint on a cyberpunk future, but like most predicted futures from 30 years back, it wasn't nearly pessimistic enough about what a working class life would be like. The story itself is fine, nothing especially memorable. It peters out into nothing. C-?


“Naught Again” by John E. Stith. Nick Naught is a PI with a car that has a mind of its own. We open with Nick trying desperately to talk his Flashfire out of street-racing another AI car. There’s even a joke about the DMV on the first page. That pretty much gives you the flavor of this “humorous” novelette. Extremely uninteresting. D


I don’t know whether I’d count the Probability Zero feature as a story or not. (Seriously, what was with ’90s Analog and ’80s Asimov’s and their ongoing “humorous” columns?) Anyway, “C-Change” by Charles Sheffield was certainly something that was printed, on paper even. Shrug?


“P. C. Software” by G. David Nordley. As you could guess from the title, this tedious number roots its “humor” in that timeless fear of mediocre men everywhere: political correctness run amok! An “elephantine” feminist rages at a magazine editor about the content he publishes, so he buys software to replace every word with paragraphs of euphemisms. It’s a timely reminder of how those with power have always pushed to infantilize and mock any who challenge their accepted hierarchy. White dudes are still out here parroting this same joke more than three decades later, and acting like they just aced the assignment. Terminally dull and uncreative. F


“High on Life” by Greg Costikyan. Oh boy, even more humorous social commentary from a privileged point of view! Jason is a man bold enough to be cheerful in a time of nanny-state overreach, risking mace and possible accusations of harassment in order to have a nice “morally wrong” flirt with the office ladies (who are all secretly in love with him for his boldness). Those nanny-state liberals want to make enjoying life a crime, lads! F


“Assemblers of Infinity” by Kevin J. Anderson and Doug Beason (part 3 of 4). Another Analog, another serialized novel midway through its run. I’ve never read anything I enjoyed by Kevin J. Anderson, and this does nothing to change that. The synopsis of the first two installments takes the time to assure us that female characters are “trim” and “attractive.” Once we get through the synopsis, we’re stuck with some 45 pages of boilerplate technothriller, populated with uninteresting characters and petty little dramas, all while knowing the conclusion is nowhere in sight. Not nearly enough actually happens to justify the page count. The gist is that alien nanobots are building something mysterious on the far side of the moon. The terrestrial powers-that-be assemble a team (which includes an architect who is also an astronaut, for some reason) and send them to check it out. An attractive young female scientist negligently infects herself and the crew with nanobots. The architect-astronaut is going through a divorce; trapped on the moon with him, the young scientist notes he doesn’t seem that much older…. Yeah, it’s that kind of story. Maybe F+


Fulfilling a longstanding Analog tradition, the best part of this issue was, yet again, the cover art. The first couple stories were almost promising, but we sped downhill from there. Goddamn, that was some bleak reading. 

Tuesday, February 20, 2024

2024 read #26: Wild Angels by Ursula K. Le Guin.

Wild Angels by Ursula K. Le Guin
52 pages
Published 1975
Read February 20
Rating: 4 out of 5

Sometimes, browsing online archives of dubious provenance, you stumble upon lost curiosities. This is a chapbook released by Capra Press, a highbrow indie press that seemingly specialized in limited edition books from startlingly famous authors. (They also released titles by Anaïs Nin and Raymond Carver, among others.) I never expected to read a chapbook of poetry from Le Guin, but I’d never be able to pass up the opportunity after learning of it.

It’s strange encountering Le Guin’s poetry after reading so much of her long-form prose work. It’s also strange, having read almost exclusively poetry from the last five years (plus a sprinkling of Romantic and Victorian pieces), reading poetry from nearly fifty years ago. Wild Angels is neither as formally antiquated as Goblin Market, nor as pulsing and gristly as The Thirteen Scorned Wives of La Nuit.

In the extensive narrative of “Coming of Age,” Le Guin writes:

Call to me here and I will come,
knowing my name and the game's rules
and all the rest I've learnt.
But I will not call their names
nor name them to you, those,
the children playing in the ruined fort,
the little falcons, the inheritors.

It’s good, a compelling poem full of meaning, but it shows a touch of midcentury stiffness, of reserve packed into all those commas. Or rather, the rhythm is just something I’m not used to. Clearly, I need to expand my poetry readings beyond the contemporary vibes. Poetry, more so than other formats, demands effort from its readers to open its inner timelessness.

This chapbook, once I adjust my expectations to the meter of ’70s poetry, feels consummately Le Guinian. She glides without apparent effort from the inaccessibility of nostalgia to  how women are used by society to the easy answers of bigotry, from the smallness of childhood to the limitations of adult wisdom to an atheist’s conversation with God, all within the same poem.

The rest of the poems, while briefer than the sprawling “Coming of Age,” circle around the same motifs and build upon its imagery, revisiting falcons and oat grass, what culture consigns to femininity and everything in the world that gets neglected by God. But Le Guin’s interests gyre wider, into creation, into dreams, into myth. Death looms everywhere; birth is a fate little better.

2024 read #25: Isaac Asimov’s Science Fiction Magazine, August 1986 issue.

Isaac Asimov’s Science Fiction Magazine, August 1986 issue (10:8)
Edited by Gardner Dozois
192 pages
Published 1986
Read from February 19 to February 20
Rating: 2.5 out of 5

Another issue of Asimov’s that promises a story at least tangentially related to dinosaurs, though this one — “Stop-Motion” by Tim Sullivan — likely offers far less prehistoric action than its splash art suggests. And, unfortunately, we have to wade through an Orson Scott Card novelette to get there. Well, let’s get into it.


We begin with a poem by Robert Frazier: “A Worker in the Ruins of Ganymede.” Pretty good; an evocative sketch of archaeology in the outer solar system.


“Hatrack River” by Orson Scott Card. It’s truly unfortunate that noted bigot Card was one of the few authors (after Manly Wade Wellman) who dabbled in Appalachian fantasy prior to the turn of the millennium. When I was a brand new adult, long before Card’s bigotry became common knowledge (and long before I began unpacking my own white privileges in a society built upon institutional racism), I adored the idea of his “frontier magic” series. Though even then, I found Seventh Son lackluster enough that I never continued past it. Just now, I looked up the summary of the series on Wikipedia, and it’s, um, rather more racist than I realized back then. I wasn’t particularly thrilled to have this story between me and the one story I came here to read.

Plus, “River” was incorporated as the prologue to Seventh Son. (I don’t know if authors still do this, but certainly in the ’80s and ’90s, if you were famous enough, it was common practice for the big SFF mags to publish chapters from your upcoming novels as standalone “stories.”) So on top of everything else, I’ve read this damn thing before.

On its own, “River” offers little more than broad frontier vibes and child abuse, with a sprinkle of casual racism for seasoning. It’s way too long for what it is. You could watch the 1983 movie Eyes of Fire to get a similar ambience, and have a much better time. Card was a decent enough prose author for his era, but that isn’t enough to recommend this story. D+


cw for the following story: graphic dog death.

“Stop-Motion” by Tim Sullivan. Having read (and paged through) a lot of Asimov’s issues from the mid-’80s, I’ve discovered a curious trend from the time: lots of stories that invoke dinosaurs, or use them as a thematic motif, without being about dinosaurs. The Dinosaur Revolution had brought dinos back into pop culture in a big way, but pre-Jurassic Park, it seems like dinosaur stories were still considered old fashioned and hokey, burdened with all the pulp schlock that accumulated around them from the 1910s through the 1960s. So you got a bunch of stories that siphoned trendiness from dinosaurs without entrusting them with any starring roles.

This story slots into this oddly specific micro-trend. Eighteen year old Kevin, who dabbles in stop-motion filmmaking with his model dinosaurs, accidentally runs over a dog one night. We’re treated to pages of gory description as the dog slowly bleeds to death in Kevin’s car and in his mom’s basement, where Kevin spells out the story’s load-bearing leitmotif: “His hands had brought these creatures to life — on celluloid, at least — and here they all were, silently watching as the life ran out of this real, flesh-and-blood creature….”

Naturally, Kevin — who is grieving his father’s untimely death by being a real dickhead to his mother — gets this superstitious idea that he “sacrificed” the dog’s soul to his model tyrannosaur. When a film producer steals some of Kevin’s stop-motion work without attribution, Kevin follows the possessed-doll chain of logic and leaves the model in the producer’s office to wreak vengeance upon him. The aftermath happens off-screen, so we never “know” whether the rex did his dirty work or if it was all in Kevin’s head, blah blah blah.

Calling this story “Pet Sematary meets Ray Harryhausen” makes it sound much cooler than it really is. It’s extremely ’80s-short-horror in conception and tone: aggrieved young white man lashing out with the power of blood magic against one who has wronged him. Not my bag. It could have been worse, though. It incorporates dinosaurs into its narrative in a way I’ve never encountered before, which is rare. (Though compare and contrast with the tiny dinosaurs in David Gerrold’s “Rex,” anthologized in Dinosaur Fantastic.) I did enjoy the detail that Kevin’s rex had scraggly fur. Maybe that’s enough to bump it up to C-?


“Strange Eruptions” by Harry Turtledove. Unsurprisingly for Turtledove, this is an alternative history piece. Thankfully it has nothing to do with either Hitler or the Civil War. “Eruptions” centers on Argyros, a magistrianos in imperial Constantinople. He’s overwhelmed by a desk full of papyrus-work, in classic 1980s cop movie style. But then smallpox sweeps through the city. Argyros’ wife Helen gets sick; he invents a baby bottle for their son, wrestles with questions of doubt and faith, and (spoilers) inadvertently discovers cowpox inoculation. While it is unexpectedly moving at times, the main draw of this story is its pseudo-historical Byzantium, which is vividly and lovingly depicted. Not a lost classic, but solid. B


“The Dragon’s Head” by Karen Joy Fowler. It would be predictable to call this Bradburyan, but hey, it’s a child’s-eye perspective on strange, mystical, enigmatic things happening in a small town in the 1950s, so what can you do? Young Penny, who can do anything a boy can do, gets dared to trick-or-treat at the home of Mrs. McLaughlin, the neighborhood witch archetype. Mrs. McLaughlin invites her to come back for tea, where she gives Penny a kitten and tells her of the dragon, whose twin heads breathe fire and fog. The story then peters out; its mysteries never build into anything bigger than an opaque parable. Sometimes, though, a mood — a suggestion of magic — is enough. B


A poem by Hope Athearn, “Elegy for an Alien,” is quite lovely, domestic and intimate and welcoming.


“Aymara” by Lucius Shepard. A overlong novelette about Central American mercenaries from Lucius Shepard? What a shocker! (Sarcasm.) This one is not his best work. It reminds me of old pulp adventures, likely deliberately, and not in good ways. The prose is stiff and dated, as if Shepard had been channeling the tastes of the era. A Black character is given a thick dialect to speak.

The touches that root “Aymara” firmly in the ’80s aren’t any better. The titular Aymara is reputed to be a quasi-immortal sorceress who’s lived in a cave since the 1640s, but in reality she turns out to be a time traveler. She’s on a mission to ensure that mercenary Lee Christmas helps United Fruit take over Honduras, or else the future will suffer: “Sometimes you gotta do the wrong thing to ’chieve the right result.” Bad things need to happen so that worse things don’t happen is such a de rigueur eighties take; this story goes further, into outright accelerationism. (After everything that’s happened since 2016, I can’t abide accelerationism.)

Structurally, though, this story works as a particularly solid paradoxes vs predestination piece, and even on an off day, Shepard is a good enough author to suck me into the story. The ending, in particular, was strange and evocative in a way I wasn’t expecting. Perhaps, as a compromise, I’ll give it a middling C


One more Robert Frazier poem for the road: “A Starpilot Muses on the Universal Tide Pool.” You can get a taste of it from the title alone. Solid stuff.


Believe it or not, that’s it for this issue! In addition to the usual overburden of editorials, fan letters, book reviews, and logic puzzles, there’s also an extended essay by Michael Swanwick, “A User’s Guide to the Postmoderns,” which I might read at some point (or I might not). I should probably read more literary criticism instead of solely fiction on its own, but right now, I don’t wanna.

Monday, February 19, 2024

2024 read #24: The Thirteen Scorned Wives of La Nuit by Avra Margariti.

The Thirteen Scorned Wives of La Nuit by Avra Margariti
25 pages
Published 2024
Read February 19
Rating: 4.5 out of 5

A digital chapbook from the author of The Saint of Witches, The Thirteen Scorned Wives of La Nuit takes the contemporary poetry in-joke — we’re all in love with the moon, who is a beautiful lesbian! — and pares through it with knives. These are poems of self-dissection, of opium and absinthe, of calcified hearts, of bones caught in the throat. We straddle dragons despite (or because of) the burns they leave on our thighs. The moon is an apathetic mistress: Now, Avra writes in “ii - Celeste,” everything drips silver / And suffocating.

This is a stunning gleam of a book, over almost before you can process its first words. Each poem swoons, half asphyxiated, into the next, a sprawling tapestry of injury sewn in exquisite and unexpected detail: Squeezing pomegranate pulp / Out of hollow bones (“v - Harriet”).

2024 read #23: Cossmass Infinities Science Fiction and Fantasy, May 2020 issue.

Cossmass Infinities Science Fiction and Fantasy, May 2020 issue (2)
Edited by Paul Campbell
199 pages
Published 2020
Read from February 17 to February 19
Rating: 3 out of 5

Cossmass Infinities is, like so many genre magazines that came before it, now sadly defunct. I read and enjoyed the occasional standalone story during its run, and at one point, one of my stories made it to the second tier of its editorial review process, but this is the first time I’ve sat down to read a full issue. I bought a paperback copy of this issue for the sake of Nemma Wollenfang’s “Mesozoic” story below, which I discovered via the expedient of searching for “Mesozoic” on the Internet Science Fiction Database.

The editorial (written April 1, 2020) has the obligatory paragraph about lockdown, fear, and the “different world” we found ourselves in that northern spring. I miss the lockdown era. I miss that naive optimism I felt in the midst of the global uncertainties. It was a better time by far than our current regime of pretending everything is back to normal while thousands die of the selfsame virus each week, and thousands more become permanently disabled. (As I review this, my ex-spouse is sick with COVID for at least the second time, and isn't sure how to prevent our kid from catching it from her, also for the second time. I’m sad and upset at how normalized this has become.)

Anyway, moving on to the stories.


“Chains of Mud and Salt” by Evan Dicken. Atmospheric and sea-girt tale of loss, colonialism, and rebellion. Our narrator’s mother died years ago in a failed action against the distant oligarchic League, but there is more than one means of rebellion, just as there is more than one method of colonization. I quite enjoyed this story, with all its rich detail and hints of a sprawling world, both within and beyond the salt marshes.

“Rag and Bone, Scrap and Sinew” by Jonathan Laidlow. A haunting and beautiful fable of the collapse of industrial civilization, as seen from the perspective of Tatter, a rag-and-bone-man who takes care of her city as its power fails and its residents trickle away. Excellent, and perfectly strange, following the logic of the best fairy tales.

“The Djinn of Titan’s Dunes” by Deborah L. Davitt. In bare outline, a “realistic” sci-fi piece about prospectors accidentally finding evidence of life on a hydrocarbon-rich moon in the outer solar system isn’t that special. It’s something of a subgenre all its own, dating back at least to the 1990s, and likely much earlier. But there are just enough unique touches — the elderly volunteers sent on the theory that they’d die anyway before the radiation killed them, the folkloric flavor of Kahina’s maybe-hallucinations — to elevate this entry. Pretty good.

“The Hard Quarry” by Caleb Huitt. I didn’t find much of interest in this tale of a generic dude out mining an asteroid and the pirates who dogfight his ship in space. The vibe just never clicked for me. There’s no depth or complexity to it. Ah well.

“We’re Alone in This Together” by Donald Norum. A depressed dude starts corresponding with his younger self, whose hopes and dreams spur him to work out, learn poetry, and ask out his old school crush, to help make up for wasting the last ten years. Slightly interesting premise, but the flat, interchangeable narrator didn’t do it for me.

“A Study of the Mesozoic ‘Schistostoma’ of the Late Cretaceous Period and their Abundance in Large Theropods” by Nemma Wollenfang. This, by contrast, is delightful. Our narrator, an undergrad, is assigned a shitty project by her time travel professor: collecting dinosaur fecal samples to assess the presence of gut parasites. The mix of put-upon collegiate humor and unglamorous Cretaceous turd-hunting was a fresh spin on old time travel tropes. In the long, unsatisfying history of dinosaur fiction, this story is a nice standout. My only complaint is that I wish we’d gotten to see more of the Cretaceous.

Two reprints follow, both originally published in 2017:

“Batteries For Your Doombot5000 Are Not Included” by Merc Fenn Wolfmoor. This is a sweet, sentimental, humorous tale of a retired supervillain buying some of her old doombots at an estate sale, and hoping to find in them some trace of the woman she… liked a lot. Charming.

“Illicit Alchemy” by Eric Lewis. Disgraced when her mentor joined the rebellion, apprentice alchemist Emony has to take any job she can get — which lands her at a black market alchemy “startup.” Interesting premise, but this story doesn’t do much with it, and the dialogue feels ripped from a YA novel. It’s fine?


And that’s it! Not bad for a second issue of a semipro magazine. Worth it for Wollenfang’s story, but the Dicken and Laidlow pieces were standouts.

Saturday, February 17, 2024

2024 read #22: Lumberjanes To the Max Edition Volume 1.

Lumberjanes To the Max Edition Volume 1
Created by Shannon Watters, Grace Ellis, Noelle Stevenson & Brooke Allen
271 pages
Comics originally published 2014
Read February 17
Rating: 4.5 out of 5

One of my holiday presents from my partner R, this lovely hardback omnibus collects the first eight chapters of the Lumberjanes series, which I’ve wanted to read for years, plus an additional short: “A Girl and Her Raptor.” What could be more up my alley? It’s the perfect way to get out of this reading slump I’ve found myself in the last week or so.

Surprising no one, I love Lumberjanes. The characters (and their designs) are vibrant and endearing. The writing is quick-moving, the story unexpectedly moving, the setting instantly iconic. It’s as close in spirit to Gravity Falls as you can get while still being its own wholly distinct thing, with the added bonus of its scout camp vibe. Summer camp and eldritch adventures are two flavors that should get combined far more often.

I never got to experience anything like summer camp. I get the sense that the reality falls far short of its portrayal in pop culture, even without all the added dungeon crawls and strange mystical creatures you find here. But I’ve been jonesing to write summer camp stories — and really, anything that falls under the broader “kids on bikes” umbrella — for a while now. No doubt it’s an escapism thing, given how shit our actual timeline is. It’s also about reclaiming the childhood I never got to have. So it’s no wonder I love this book.

Plus: dinosaurs! Raptors and summer camp also pair exceptionally well. While the raptor interlude is brief, and certainly not a match for Lost Time, it packs in a lot of fun (and friendship bracelets). And honestly, having such a prominent comic book do a “dinosaurs in the summer camp” arc only encourages me to work on my own “summer camp among the dinosaurs” story (which is fully distinct from Camp Cretaceous, thank you very much).